path: root/docs/usermanual/reference/var_src_uri.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<section id="src_uri_variable" xreflabel="SRC_URI variable">
  <title>SRC_URI variable: Source code and patches</title>

  <para>All recipies need to contain a definition of
  <command>SRC_URI</command>. It determines what files and source code is
  needed and where that source code should be obtained from. This includes
  patches to be applied and basic files that are shipped as part of the
  meta-data for the package.</para>

  <para>A typical <command>SRC_URI</command> contains a list of URL's, patches
  and files as shown in this example from quagga:<screen>SRC_URI = "http://www.quagga.net/download/quagga-${PV}.tar.gz \
           file://ospfd-no-opaque-lsa-fix.patch;patch=1 \
           file://fix-for-lib-inpath.patch;patch=1 \
           file://quagga.init \
           file://quagga.default \
           file://watchquagga.init \
           file://watchquagga.default"</screen>All source code and files will
  be placed into the work directory, <command>${WORKDIR}</command>, for the
  package. All patches will be placed into a <command>patches</command>
  subdirectory of the package source directory, <command>${S}</command>, and
  then automatically applied to the source.</para>

  <para>Before downloading from a remote URI a check will be made to see if
  what is to be retrieved is already present in the download source directory,
  <command>${DL_DIR}</command>, along with an associated md5 sum. If the
  source is present in the downloaded sources directory and the md5 sum
  matches that listed in the associated md5 sum file, then that version will
  be used in preference to retrieving a new version . Any source that is
  retrieved from a remote URI will be stored in the download source directory
  and an appropriate md5 sum generated and stored alongside it.</para>
  <para>Checksums for http/https/ftp/ftps uris are stored in each recipe in
  the form of<screen>SRC_URI[md5sum] = &quot;9a7a11ffd52d9c4553ea8c0134a6fa86&quot;
SRC_URI[sha256sum] = &quot;36bdb85c97b39ac604bc58cb7857ee08295242c78a12848ef8a31701921b9434&quot;</screen>
  for the first remote SRC_URI that has <emphasis>no</emphasis> explicit <command>name=foo</command>
  associated with it. Following <emphasis>unnamed</emphasis> SRC_URIs without
  a checksum will throw errors.</para>
  <para>Each URI supports a set of additional options. These options are
  tag/value pairs of the form <command>"a=b"</command> and are semi-colon
  separated from each other and from the URI. The follow examples shows two
  options being included, the patch and pnum options:<screen>file://ospfd-no-opaque-lsa-fix.patch;patch=1;pnum=2</screen>The
  supported methods for fetching source and files are:</para>

  <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
      <term>http, https, ftps</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Used to download files and source code via the specified URL.
        These are fetched from the specified location using wget.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>file</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Used for files that are included locally in the meta-data. These
        may be plain files, such as init scripts to be added to the final
        package, or they may be patch files to be applied to other
        source.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>cvs</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Used to download from a CVS repository.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>svn</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Used to download from a subversion repository.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>git</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Used to download from a git repository.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
  </variablelist>

  <para>When source code is specified as a part of <command>SRC_URI</command>
  it is unpacked into the work directory, <command>${WORKDIR}</command>. The
  unpacker recognises several archive and compression types and for these it
  will decompress any compressed files and extract all of the files from
  archives into the work directory. The supported types are:</para>

  <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
      <term>.tar</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Tar archives which will be extracted with <command>"tar x
        --no-same-owner -f &lt;srcfile&gt;"</command>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>.tgz, .tar.gz, tar.Z</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Gzip compressed tar archives which will be extracted with
        <command>"tar xz --no-same-owner -f &lt;srcfile&gt;"</command>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>.tbz, .tar.bz2</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Bzip2 compressed tar archives which will be extracted with
        <command>"bzip2 -dc &lt;srcfile&gt; | tar x --no-same-owner -f
        -"</command>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>.gz, .Z, .z</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Gzip compressed files which will be decompressed with
        <command>"gzip -dc &lt;srcfile&gt; &gt;
        &lt;dstfile&gt;"</command>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>.bz2</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Bzip2 compressed files which will be decompressed with
        <command>"bzip2 -dc &lt;srcfile&gt; &gt;
        &lt;dstfile&gt;"</command>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>

    <varlistentry>
      <term>.zip</term>

      <listitem>
        <para>Zip archives which will be extracted with <command>"unzip -q
        &lt;srcfile&gt;"</command>.</para>
      </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
  </variablelist>

  <para>The downloading of the source files occurs in the
  <emphasis>fetch</emphasis> task, the unpacking and copying to the work
  directory occurs in the <emphasis>unpack</emphasis> task and the applying of
  patches occurs in the <emphasis>patch</emphasis> task.</para>

  <section>
    <title>http/https/ftp (wget)</title>

    <para>The wget fetcher handles http, https and ftp URLs.<screen>http://www.quagga.net/download/quagga-${PV}.tar.gz</screen></para>

    <para>Supported options:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>md5sum</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>If an md5sum is provided then the downloaded files will only
          be considered valid if the md5sum of the downloaded file matches the
          md5sum option provided.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para>Related variables:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>MIRRORS</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Mirrors define alternative locations to download source files
          from. See the mirror section below for more information.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>DL_DIR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The downloaded files will be placed in this directory with the
          name exactly as supplied via the URI.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>file: for patches and additional files</title>

    <para>The file URI's are used to copy files, included as part of the
    package meta data, into the work directory to be used when building the
    package. Typical use of the file URI's is to specify patches that be
    applied to the source and to provide additional files, such as init
    scripts, to be included in the final package.</para>

    <para>The following example shows the specification of a patch
    file:<screen>file://ospfd-no-opaque-lsa-fix.patch;patch=1</screen></para>

    <para>Patch files are be copied to the patches subdirectory of the source
    directory, <command>${S}/patches</command>, and then applied from the
    source directory. The patches are searched for along the path specified
    via the file path variable, <command>${FILESPATH},</command> and if not
    found the directory specified by the file directory variable,
    <command>${FILEDIR}</command>, is also checked.</para>

    <para>The following example shows the specification of a non-patch file.
    In this case it's an init script:<screen>file://quagga.init</screen>Non-patch
    files are copied to the work directory, <command>${WORKDIR}</command>. You
    can access these files from within a recipe by referring to them relative
    to the work directory. The following example, from the quagga recipe,
    shows the above init script being included in the package by copying it
    during the <emphasis>install</emphasis> task:<screen>do_install () {
    # Install init script and default settings
    install -m 0755 -d ${D}${sysconfdir}/default ${D}${sysconfdir}/init.d ${D}${sysconfdir}/quagga
    install -m 0644 <emphasis role="bold">${WORKDIR}/quagga.init</emphasis> ${D}${sysconfdir}/init.d/quagga
...</screen></para>

    <para>Supported options:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>patch</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Used as <command>"patch=1"</command> to define this file as a
          patch file. Patch files will be copied to
          <command>${S}/patches</command> and then applied to source from
          within the source directory, <command>${S}</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>pnum</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>By default patches are applied with the <command>"-p
          1"</command> parameter, which strips off the first directory of the
          pathname in the patches. This option is used to explicitly control
          the value passed to <command>"-p"</command>. The most typical use is
          when the patches are relative to the source directory already and
          need to be applied using <command>"-p 0"</command>, in which case
          the <command>"pnum=0"</command> option is supplied.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>cvs</title>

    <para>The cvs fetcher is used to retrieve files from a CVS repository.
    <screen>    cvs://anonymous@cvs.sourceforge.net/cvsroot/linuxsh;module=linux;date=20051111</screen>A
    cvs URI will retrieve the source from a cvs repository. Note that use of
    the <emphasis>date=</emphasis> to specify a checkout for specified date.
    It is preferable to use either a <emphasis>date=</emphasis> or a
    <emphasis>tag=</emphasis> option to select a specific date and/or tag from
    cvs rather than leave the checkout floating at the head revision.</para>

    <para>Supported options:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>module</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The name of a module to retrieve. This is a required parameter
          and there is no default value.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>tag</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The name of a cvs tag to retrieve. Releases are often tagged
          with a specific name to allow easy access. Either a tag or a date
          can be specified, but not both.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>date</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The date to retrieve. This requests that files as of the
          specified date, rather then the current code or a tagged release. If
          no date or tag options are specified, then the date is set to the
          current date. The date is of any form accepted by cvs with the most
          common format being <command>"YYYYMMDD"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>method</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The method used to access the repository. Common options are
          <command>"pserver"</command> and <command>"ext"</command> (for cvs
          over rsh or ssh). The default is
          <command>"pserver"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>rsh</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The rsh command to use with the <command>"ext"</command>
          method. Common options are <command>"rsh"</command> or
          <command>"ssh"</command>. The default is
          <command>"rsh"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para>Related variables:<variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>CVS_TARBALL_STASH</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>Used to specifies a location to search for pre-generated tar
            archives to use instead of accessing cvs directly.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term>CVSDIR</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>The directory in which the cvs checkouts will be performed.
            The default is <command>${DL_DIR}/cvs</command>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term>DL_DIR</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>A compressed tar archive of the retrieved files will be
            placed in this directory. The archive name will be of the form:
            <command>"&lt;module&gt;_&lt;host&gt;_&lt;tag&gt;_&lt;date&gt;.tar.gz"</command>.
            Path separators in <command>module</command> will be replaced with
            full stops.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist></para>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>svn</title>

    <para>The svn fetcher is used to retrieve files from a subversion
    repository.</para>

    <para><screen>    svn://svn.xiph.org/trunk;module=Tremor;rev=4573;proto=http</screen></para>

    <para>Supported options:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>module</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The name of a module to retrieve. This is a required parameter
          and there is no default value.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>rev</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The revision to retrieve. Revisions in subversion are integer
          values.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>proto</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The method to use to access the repository. Common options are
          <command>"svn"</command>, <command>"svn+ssh"</command>,
          <command>"http"</command> and <command>"https"</command>. The
          default is <command>"svn"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>rsh</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The rsh command to use with using the
          <command>"svn+ssh"</command> method. Common options are
          <command>"rsh"</command> or <command>"ssh"</command>. The default is
          <command>"ssh"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para>Related variables:<variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>SVNDIR</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>The directory in which the svn checkouts will be performed..
            The default is <command>${DL_DIR}/svn</command>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term>DL_DIR</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>A compressed tar archive of the retrieved files will be
            placed in this directory. The archive name will be of the form:
            <command>"&lt;module&gt;_&lt;host&gt;_&lt;path&gt;_&lt;revn&gt;_&lt;date&gt;.tar.gz"</command>.
            Path separators in <command>path</command> and
            <command>module</command> will be replaced with full stops.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist></para>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>git</title>

    <para>The git fetcher is used to retrieve files from a git repository.
    <screen>  SRC_URI = "git://www.denx.de/git/u-boot.git;protocol=git;tag=${TAG}"</screen></para>

    <para>Supported options:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>tag</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The tag to retrieve. The default is
          <command>"master"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>protocol</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The method to use to access the repository. Common options are
          <command>"git"</command> and <command>"rsync"</command>. The default
          is <command>"rsync"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para>Related variables</para>

    <para><variablelist>
        <varlistentry>
          <term>GITDIR</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>The directory in which the git checkouts will be performed.
            The default is <command>${DL_DIR}/git</command>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>

        <varlistentry>
          <term>DL_DIR</term>

          <listitem>
            <para>A compressed tar archive of the retrieved files will be
            placed in this directory. The archive name will be of the form:
            <command>"git_&lt;host&gt;&lt;mpath&gt;_&lt;tag&gt;.tar.gz"</command>.
            Path separators in <command>host</command> will be replaced with
            full stops.</para>
          </listitem>
        </varlistentry>
      </variablelist></para>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Mirrors</title>

    <para>The support for mirror sites enables spreading the load over sites
    and allows for downloads to occur even when one of the mirror sites are
    unavailable.</para>

    <para>Default mirrors, along with their primary URL, include:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>GNU_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>DEBIAN_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>SOURCEFORGE_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://heanet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>GPE_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://handhelds.org/pub/projects/gpe/source</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>XLIBS_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://xlibs.freedesktop.org/release</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>XORG_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://xorg.freedesktop.org/releases</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>GNOME_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>FREEBSD_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>GENTOO_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://distfiles.gentoo.org/distfiles</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>APACHE_MIRROR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>http://www.apache.org/dist</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para>When creating new recipes this mirrors should be used when you wish
    to use one of the above sites by referring to the name of the mirror in
    the URI, as show in this example from flex:<screen>SRC_URI = "${SOURCEFORGE_MIRROR}/lex/flex-2.5.31.tar.bz2</screen></para>

    <para>You can manually define your mirrors if you wish to force the use of
    a specific mirror by exporting the appropriate mirrors in
    <command>local.conf</command> with them set to the local mirror:<screen>export GNU_MIRROR = "http://www.planetmirror.com/pub/gnu"
export DEBIAN_MIRROR = "http://mirror.optusnet.com.au/debian/pool"
export SOURCEFORGE_MIRROR = "http://optusnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge"</screen></para>

    <para>Mirrors can be extended in individual recipes via the use of
    <command>MIRRORS_prepend</command> or <command>MIRRORS_append</command>.
    Each entry in the list contains the mirror name on the left-hand side and
    the URI of the mirror on the right-hand side. The following example from
    libffi shows the addition of two URI for the
    <command>"${GNU_MIRROR}/gcc/"</command> URI:<screen>MIRRORS_prepend () {
  ${GNU_MIRROR}/gcc/  http://gcc.get-software.com/releases/
  ${GNU_MIRROR}/gcc/  http://mirrors.rcn.net/pub/sourceware/gcc/releases/
}</screen></para>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Manipulating SRC_URI</title>

    <para>Sometimes it is desirable to only include patches for a specific
    architecture and/or to include different files based on the architecture.
    This can be done via the <command>SRC_URI_append</command> and/or
    <command>SRC_URI_prepend</command> methods for adding additional URI's
    based on the architecture or machine name.</para>

    <para>In this example from glibc, the patch creates a configuration file
    for glibc, which should only be used or the sh4 architecture. Therefore
    this patch is appended to the <command>SRC_URI</command>, but only for the
    sh4 architecture. For other architectures it is ignored:<screen># Build fails on sh4 unless no-z-defs is defined
SRC_URI_append_sh4 = " file://no-z-defs.patch;patch=1"</screen></para>
  </section>

  <section>
    <title>Source distribution (src_distribute_local)</title>

    <para>In order to obtain a set of source files for a build you can use the
    <emphasis>src_distribute_local</emphasis> class. This will result in all
    the files that were actually used during a build being made available in a
    seperate directory and therefore they can be distributed with the
    binaries.</para>

    <para>Enabling this option is as simple as activating the functionality by
    including the required class in one of your configuration files:<screen>SRC_DIST_LOCAL = "copy"
INHERIT += "src_distribute_local"</screen></para>

    <para>Now during a build each recipe which has a LICENSE that mandates
    source availability, like the GPL, will be placed into the source
    distribution directory, <command>${SRC_DISTRIBUTEDIR}</command>, after
    building.</para>

    <para>There are some options available to effect the option</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>SRC_DIST_LOCAL</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Specifies if the source files should be copied, symlinked or
          moved and symlinked back. The default is
          <command>"move+symlink"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>SRC_DISTRIBUTEDIR</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Specifies the source distribution directory - this is why the
          source files that was used for the build are placed. The default is
          <command>"${DEPLOY_DIR}/sources"</command>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>

    <para>The valid values for <command>SRC_DIST_LOCAL</command> are:</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>copy</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Copies the files to the downloaded sources directory into the
          distribution directory.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>symlink</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Symlinks the files from the downloaded sources directory into
          the distribution directory.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>move+symlink</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Moves the files from the downloaded sources directory into the
          distribution directory. Then creates a symlink in the download
          sources directory to the moved files.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </section>
</section>