path: root/README.hardware

                     Poky Hardware Reference Guide
                     =============================

This file gives details about using Poky with different hardware reference
boards and consumer devices. A full list of target machines can be found by 
looking in the meta/conf/machine/ directory. If in doubt about using Poky with 
your hardware, consult the documentation for your board/device. To discuss 
support for further hardware reference boards/devices please contact OpenedHand.

QEMU Emulation Images (qemuarm and qemux86)
===========================================

To simplify development Poky supports building images to work with the QEMU
emulator in system emulation mode. Two architectures are currently supported,
ARM (via qemuarm) and x86 (via qemux86). Use of the QEMU images is covered
in the Poky Handbook.

Hardware Reference Boards
=========================

The following boards are supported by Poky:

  * Compulab CM-X270 (cm-x270)
  * Compulab EM-X270 (em-x270)
  * FreeScale iMX31ADS (mx31ads)
  * Marvell PXA3xx Zylonite (zylonite)
  * Logic iMX31 Lite Kit (mx31litekit)
  * Phytec phyCORE-iMX31 (mx31phy)

For more information see board's section below. The Poky MACHINE setting
corresponding to the board is given in brackets.

Consumer Devices
================

The following consumer devices are supported by Poky:

  * FIC Neo1973 GTA01 smartphone (fic-gta01)
  * HTC Universal (htcuniversal)
  * Nokia 770/N800/N810 Internet Tablets (nokia770 and nokia800)
  * Sharp Zaurus SL-C7x0 series (c7x0)
  * Sharp Zaurus SL-C1000 (akita)
  * Sharp Zaurus SL-C3x00 series (spitz)

For more information see board's section below. The Poky MACHINE setting
corresponding to the board is given in brackets.
	
Poky Boot CD (bootcdx86)
========================

The Poky boot CD iso images are designed as a demonstration of the Poky 
environment and to show the versatile image formats Poky can generate. It will
run on Pentium2 or greater PC style computers. The iso image can be 
burnt to CD and then booted from.


                          Hardware Reference Boards
                          =========================

Compulab CM-X270 (cm-x270)
==========================

The bootloader on this board doesn't support writing jffs2 images directly to 
NAND and normally uses a proprietary kernel flash driver. To allow the use of
jffs2 images, a two stage updating procedure is needed. Firstly, an initramfs
is booted which contains mtd utilities and this is then used to write the main
filesystem. 

It is assumed the board is connected to a network where a TFTP server is 
available and that a serial terminal is available to communicate with the 
bootloader (38400, 8N1). If a DHCP server is available the device will use it
to obtain an IP address. If not, run:

  ARMmon > setip dhcp off
  ARMmon > setip ip 192.168.1.203
  ARMmon > setip mask 255.255.255.0

To reflash the kernel:

  ARMmon > download kernel tftp zimage 192.168.1.202
  ARMmon > flash kernel

where zimage is the name of the kernel on the TFTP server and its IP address is 
192.168.1.202. The names of the files must be all lowercase.

To reflash the initrd/initramfs:

  ARMmon > download ramdisk tftp diskimage 192.168.1.202
  ARMmon > flash ramdisk

where diskimage is the name of the initramfs image (a cpio.gz file).

To boot the initramfs:

  ARMmon > ramdisk on
  ARMmon > bootos "console=ttyS0,38400 rdinit=/sbin/init"

To reflash the main image login to the system as user "root", then run:

  # ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.203
  # tftp -g -r mainimage 192.168.1.202
  # flash_eraseall /dev/mtd1
  # nandwrite /dev/mtd1 mainimage

which configures the network interface with the IP address 192.168.1.203,
downloads the "mainimage" file from the TFTP server at 192.168.1.202, erases
the flash and then writes the new image to the flash.

The main image can then be booted with:

  ARMmon > bootos "console=ttyS0,38400 root=/dev/mtdblock1 rootfstype=jffs2"

Note that the initramfs image is built by poky in a slightly different mode to
normal since it uses uclibc. To generate this use a command like:

IMAGE_FSTYPES=cpio.gz MACHINE=cm-x270 POKYLIBC=uclibc bitbake poky-image-minimal-mtdutils


Compulab EM-X270 (em-x270)
==========================

FIXME


FreeScale iMX31ADS (mx31ads)
===========================

FIXME - needs testing

It is assumed a serial connection to the board is available (115200 8N1), a 
TFTP server is available at 192.168.9.1 and the board is to be given an IP 
address of 192.168.9.2. To set the IP address, run:

  ip_address -l 192.168.9.2/24 -h 192.168.9.1

To download a kernel called "zimage" from the TFTP server, run:

  load -r -b 0x100000 zimage

To write the kernel to flash run:

  fis create kernel

To download a rootfs jffs2 image "rootfs" from the TFTP server, run:

  load -r -b 0x100000 rootfs

To write the root filesystem  to flash run:

  fis create root

To load and boot a kernel and rootfs from flash:

  fis load kernel
  exec -b 0x100000 -l 0x200000 -c "noinitrd console=ttymxc0,115200 root=/dev/mtdblock2 rootfstype=jffs2 init=linuxrc ip=none”

To load and boot a kernel from a TFTP server with the rootfs over NFS:

  load -r -b 0x100000 zimage
  exec -b 0x100000 -l 0x200000 -c "noinitrd console=ttymxc0,115200 root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.9.1:/mnt/nfsmx31 rw ip=192.168.9.2::192.168.9.1:255.255.255.0"


Marvell PXA3xx Zylonite (zylonite)
==================================

These instructions assume the Zylonite is connected to a machine running a TFTP 
server at address 192.168.123.5 and that a serial link (38400 8N1) is available 
to access the blob bootloader. The kernel is on the TFTP server as 
"zylonite-kernel" and the root filesystem jffs2 file is "zylonite-rootfs" and 
the images are to be saved in NAND flash.

The following commands setup blob:

  blob> setip client 192.168.123.4
  blob> setip server 192.168.123.5

To flash the kernel:

  blob> tftp zylonite-kernel
  blob> nandwrite -j 0x80800000 0x60000 0x200000

To flash the rootfs:

  blob> tftp zylonite-rootfs
  blob> nanderase -j 0x260000 0x5000000
  blob> nandwrite -j 0x80800000 0x260000 <length>

(where <length> is the rootfs size which will be printed by the tftp step)

To boot the board:

  blob> nkernel
  blob> boot


Logic iMX31 Lite Kit (mx31litekit)
===============================

The easiest method to boot this board is to take an MMC/SD card and format 
the first partition as ext2, then extract the poky image onto this as root. 
Assuming the board is network connected, a TFTP server is available at 
192.168.1.33 and a serial terminal is available (115200 8N1), the following 
commands will boot a kernel called "mx31kern" from the TFTP server:

  losh> ifconfig sm0 192.168.1.203 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.33
  losh> load raw 0x80100000 0x200000 /tftp/192.168.1.33:mx31kern
  losh> exec 0x80100000 - 


Phytec phyCORE-iMX31 (mx31phy)
==============================

FIXME


                             Consumer Devices
                             ================

FIC Neo1973 GTA01 smartphone (fic-gta01)
========================================

To install Poky on a GTA01 smartphone you will need "dfu-util" tool
which you can build with "bitbake dfu-util-native" command.

Flashing requires these steps:

  1. Power down the device.
  2. Connect the device to the host machine via USB.
  3. Hold AUX key and press Power key. There should be a bootmenu
     on screen.
  4. Run "dfu-util -l" to check if the phone is visible on the USB bus. 
     The output should look like this:

     dfu-util - (C) 2007 by OpenMoko Inc.
     This program is Free Software and has ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY

     Found Runtime: [0x1457:0x5119] devnum=19, cfg=0, intf=2, alt=0, name="USB Device Firmware Upgrade"

  5. Flash the kernel with "dfu-util -a kernel -D uImage-2.6.21.6-moko11-r2-fic-gta01.bin"
  6. Flash rootfs with "dfu-util -a rootfs -D <image>", where <image> is the
     jffs2 image file to use as the root filesystem 
     (e.g. ./tmp/deploy/images/poky-image-sato-fic-gta01.jffs2) 


HTC Universal (htcuniversal)
============================

FIXME



Nokia 770/N800/N810 Internet Tablets (nokia770 and nokia800)
============================================================

Note: Nokia tablet support is highly experimental.

The Nokia internet tablet devices are OMAP based tablet formfactor devices 
with large screens (800x480), wifi and touchscreen.

To flash images to these devices you need the "flasher" utility which can be 
downloaded from the http://tablets-dev.nokia.com/d3.php?f=flasher-3.0. This 
utility needs to be run as root and the usb filesystem needs to be mounted 
although most distributions will have done this for you. Once you have this 
follow these steps:

  1. Power down the device.
  2. Connect the device to the host machine via USB 
     (connecting power to the device doesn't hurt either).
  3. Run "flasher -i"
  4. Power on the device.
  5. The program should give an indication it's found 
     a tablet device. If not, recheck the cables, make sure you're 
     root and usbfs/usbdevfs is mounted.
  6. Run "flasher -r <image> -k <kernel> -f", where <image> is the
     jffs2 image file to use as the root filesystem 
     (e.g. ./tmp/deploy/images/poky-image-sato-nokia800.jffs2) 
     and <kernel> is the kernel to use 
     (e.g. ./tmp/deploy/images/zImage-nokia800.bin).
  7. Run "flasher -R" to reboot the device.
  8. The device should boot into Poky.

The nokia800 images and kernel will run on both the N800 and N810.


Sharp Zaurus SL-C7x0 series (c7x0)
==================================

The Sharp Zaurus c7x0 series (SL-C700, SL-C750, SL-C760, SL-C860, SL-7500)
are PXA25x based handheld PDAs with VGA screens. To install Poky images on
these devices follow these steps:

  1. Obtain an SD/MMC or CF card with a vfat or ext2 filesystem.
  2. Copy a jffs2 image file (e.g. poky-image-sato-c7x0.jffs2) onto the
     card as "initrd.bin":

     $ cp ./tmp/deploy/images/poky-image-sato-c7x0.jffs2 /path/to/my-cf-card/initrd.bin

  3. Copy an Linux kernel file (zImage-c7x0.bin) onto the card as 
     "zImage.bin":

     $ cp ./tmp/deploy/images/zImage-c7x0.bin /path/to/my-cf-card/zImage.bin

  4. Copy an updater script (updater.sh.c7x0) onto the card
     as "updater.sh":

     $ cp ./tmp/deploy/images/updater.sh.c7x0 /path/to/my-cf-card/updater.sh

  5. Power down the Zaurus.
  6. Hold "OK" key and power on the device. An update menu should appear 
     (in Japanese).
  7. Choose "Update" (item 4).
  8. The next screen will ask for the source, choose the appropriate 
     card (CF or SD).
  9. Make sure AC power is connected.
  10. The next screen asks for confirmation, choose "Yes" (the left button).
  11. The update process will start, flash the files on the card onto 
      the device and the device will then reboot into Poky.


Sharp Zaurus SL-C1000 (akita)
=============================

The Sharp Zaurus SL-C1000 is a PXA270 based device otherwise similar to the 
c7x0. To install Poky images on this device follow the instructions for 
the c7x0 but replace "c7x0" with "akita" where appropriate.


Sharp Zaurus SL-C3x00 series (spitz)
====================================

The Sharp Zaurus SL-C3x00 devices are PXA270 based devices similar
to akita but with an internal microdrive. The installation procedure 
assumes a standard microdrive based device where the root (first) 
partition has been enlarged to fit the image (at least 100MB, 
400MB for the SDK).

The procedure is the same as for the c7x0 and akita models with the 
following differences:

 1. Instead of a jffs2 image you need to copy a compressed tarball of the 
    root fileystem (e.g. poky-image-sato-spitz.tar.gz) onto the
    card as "hdimage1.tgz":

    $ cp ./tmp/deploy/images/poky-image-sato-spitz.tar.gz /path/to/my-cf-card/hdimage1.tgz

 2. You additionally need to copy a special tar utility  (gnu-tar) onto 
    the card as "gnu-tar":

    $ cp ./tmp/deploy/images/gnu-tar /path/to/my-cf-card/gnu-tar